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Appeal vs Revision vs Review: The Differences
Three remedies are commonly available against an adverse civil decision: appeal, review, and revision. They are often confused, but each differs in the court that hears it, the gro
Limitation Period to File a Civil Appeal in India
An appeal filed even one day late may be barred unless the delay is properly explained and condoned. The limitation period for filing a civil appeal is governed by the Limitation A
Execution of a Decree: How to Enforce a Judgment
Winning a civil suit is not the same as receiving what the court has awarded. A decree establishes a legal entitlement, but it does not automatically deliver the money, possession,
Rejection of Plaint under Order 7 Rule 11 CPC
Order 7 Rule 11 CPC allows a court to reject a plaint at the threshold, without a trial, where the plaint itself discloses a fatal defect. It is a powerful provision for a defendan
Partition Suit Procedure: Steps for Co-Owned Property
Property held by more than one person — whether inherited by siblings, purchased jointly, or held as ancestral property in a joint family — is generally co-owned property. Each
Specific Performance of a Contract: When Courts Grant It?
When a contract is breached, damages are ordinarily the primary remedy. However, specific performance of a contract may require the defaulting party to perform what it promised, su
Temporary Injunction: How to Obtain a Stay (Order 39 CPC)
A civil suit can take time to reach a final decision. During that period, a defendant may sell the disputed property, demolish a structure, dispose of goods, or take other steps th
How to File a Civil Suit in Gujarat: Step by Step
A civil suit in Gujarat is a legal remedy for enforcing private rights, including recovery of money, possession of property, declaration of title, specific performance of a contrac
Chain-of-Custody Defences in NDPS Trials
An NDPS prosecution ultimately depends on proving that the substance analysed by the Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL) and identified as a narcotic drug is the same substance that
NDPS Appeal against Conviction: Process and Timeline
A conviction under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (NDPS Act) in a commercial quantity case can result in a mandatory minimum sentence. An NDPS appeal agai
