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Special Courts and Appeals in Criminal Law in India: A Complete Guide
Abstract India’s criminal justice system operates on a layered appellate hierarchy under the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023 and its predecessor, the Code of
Default Bail Under BNSS Section 187: Comprehensive Guide with Latest High Court Rulings (2026)
Introduction The enactment of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 marks a structural shift in India’s criminal procedure regime, replacing the Code of Criminal Procedure
High Court Must Independently Apply Its Mind on SC/ST Act Charges in Appeal Under Section 14A: Supreme Court Emphasizes Active Appellate Scrutiny
Introduction The appellate jurisdiction of High Courts under the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, has been a subject of evolving jurispru
Judicial Restraint on Witness Multiplication: Bail in NDPS Cases and Right to Speedy Trial Under Article 21
Introduction The Supreme Court of India has consistently emphasized that prolonged incarceration without trial constitutes a violation of fundamental rights guaranteed under Articl
Preventive Detention Cannot Override Bail: Supreme Court’s Landmark Ruling on Public Order Requirement
Introduction The Supreme Court of India recently delivered a significant judgment reaffirming that preventive detention laws cannot be used as instruments to bypass bail orders gra
Bail Jurisprudence: Balancing Liberty and Justice in POCSO Cases
Introduction The Supreme Court of India has reiterated a fundamental principle in criminal jurisprudence that bail should neither be refused mechanically nor granted on irrelevant
The Indefeasible Right: A Jurisprudential Treatise on Default Bail and the Temporal Efficacy of Subsequent Chargesheet Filing
I. Introduction: The Constitutional Conundrum of Personal Liberty and Procedural Compliance The jurisprudence of criminal procedure in India operates within a delicate equilibrium,
Section 27 Evidence Act: Materials Handed Over During Police Check Cannot Be Termed Section 27 Recoveries: Supreme Court Analysis
Introduction In a significant ruling that clarifies the boundaries of evidentiary law in criminal proceedings, the Supreme Court of India has held that materials handed over by an
Section 149 IPC / Section 191 BNS: Unlawful Assembly & Common Object
Introduction The Indian criminal justice system operates on the foundational principle that guilt must be individually established beyond reasonable doubt. However, certain provisi
The Narrow Bridge of Admissibility: Deconstructing Section 27 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872
The Prohibition and the Proviso: Regulating Police Power The framework of criminal law in India is meticulously designed to protect individuals against the coercive environment of
