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ESI Act: Best Judgment Assessment Under Section 45A Cannot Be Invoked for Inadequate Records – Supreme Court Clarifies Statutory Pre-Conditions
The Supreme Court of India recently delivered a landmark judgment that brings much-needed clarity to the interpretation and application of Section 45A of the Employees’ State
Mutation of Revenue Records Based on Will: Legal Framework and Judicial Interpretation
Understanding Mutation in Revenue Records Mutation, often referred to as ‘Dakhil Kharij’ in revenue parlance, represents a fundamental administrative process through wh
High Courts Cannot Quash Cheque Bounce Cases by Conducting a Pre-Trial Enquiry Under Section 482 CrPC: Supreme Court
Introduction The Supreme Court of India delivered a significant judgment on December 19, 2024, reaffirming the jurisdictional boundaries of High Courts when dealing with petitions
Digital Consent in India: Legal Evolution from Traditional Contracts to Data Protection
Introduction The evolution of consent from a traditional contractual principle to its contemporary digital manifestation represents one of the most significant transformations in c
Surveys under Section 133A: The Third-Party Trap in Chartered Accountant Offices
Introduction The Income Tax Department wields significant investigative powers to detect tax evasion and ensure compliance with fiscal laws. Among these powers, the authority to co
Women’s Employment: Night Shift Provisions and Safety Requirements
The employment landscape for women in India has undergone substantial transformation over the past two decades, particularly concerning night shift work. Historical restrictions th
Contract Labour Regulation: Licensing, Registration, and Welfare Obligations
Introduction to Contract Labour Regulation in India The employment of contract labour in India has long presented unique challenges for workers who often face precarious working co
EPF and Pension Schemes Consolidation: What Changes for Employees and Employers
Introduction to the Regulatory Framework The Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) serves as one of the world’s largest social security institutions, administer
Annual Health Check-ups: Mandatory Medical Examinations for All Employees
Workplace health and safety represent fundamental rights of every employee in India. Over decades, Indian labour legislation has evolved to protect workers from occupational hazard
National Social Security Board in India: Roles, Powers, and Social Security Schemes for Unorganized Workers
Introduction India’s labor landscape presents a unique challenge where approximately 93 percent of the workforce operates within the unorganized sector, comprising around 437
